Byzantium and the Crusader States from ad 1096 to 1204: Summary

Tür:

Kitap Bölümü

Yazar:

Ralph-Johannes Lilie

Yayın yılı:

1994

Yayıncı:

Oxford University Press

Abstract The extent of Byzantine rule and the possibilities for Byzantine influence in Syria and Palestine in the 12th century do not accord well with the degree of energy the Greeks expended in this area. In the Kingdom of Jerusalem Byzantine influence is evident only in the twenty-two years between 1158 and 1180. In the County of Tripoli Byzantine feudal supremacy was already recognized in 1101 and by 1112 had been confirmed several times, but in the following years the Greeks do not seem to have put in an appearance there; at least according to sources. In 1137-8 this dependency was renewed without leading to any known developments. In 1158 Manuel was able to bring Tripoli under Byzantine influence again but by 1160 the county was sharply opposed to the Greeks as a result of the events concerning the potential Empress Melisende who, notwithstanding preliminary agreements, had been repudiated by the Emperor. Since in 1164 King Amalric of Jerusalem took over the regency for Count Raymond III, taken prisoner at Harim, it may be supposed that, in the following period, the county followed the general policy of Jerusalem and thus approached Byzantium once more. In 1174 Raymond returned from captivity, but then adopted a pro-Byzantine policy. However, this was irrelevant after 1180 since we can establish that after that date there was no further Byzantine engagement in Syria in favour of the crusaders and consequently no Greek influence there.

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