Mustafa Kamil al-Shams al-Mushriqa (The Rising Sun) (1904)

Tür:

Kitap Bölümü

Yazar:

Hideaki Sugita

Yayın yılı:

2023

Dil:

en

Mustafa Kamil (Muṣṭafā Kāmil Pasha) was born in Cairo, Egypt in 1874. After graduating from a local law school, he studied at the University of Toulouse, France. In 1894, he returned to his homeland and founded the “National Party” (al-Ḥizb al-Waṭanī) which aimed to achieve Egypt’s complete independence. Thereafter, he continued to visit France and other European countries on an annual basis, and associated with many politicians and journalists along the way. His friendship with the two French writers, Madame Juliette Adam and Pierre Loti, are particularly important. In 1900, he launched the newspaper al-Liwā’ (The Standard), which reflected his nationalist ideals and was later published in English and French with great success. Once the Entente Cordiale (Anglo-French agreement) of 1904 had shattered the hopes he had for France’s role in the independence movement, he launched a vigorous anti-British and anti-French campaign through speeches and writings, and was at odds with both Lord Cromer, who was in charge of ruling Egypt, and his successor, Sir Eldon Gorst. In 1907, he convened the “National Assembly,” which consisted of representatives from all over Egypt, in order to position the “National Party” on a broader foundation, and was elected as the party’s representative for life at the assembly. However, in 1908, he died of illness at the young age of 34. His funeral was marked by a massive public demonstration. After his death, the idea of the “National Party” was take…

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